Verdis is a carbon-negative Layer 1 blockchain built on Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) consensus with an integrated Automated Market Maker (AMM) decentralized exchange, native smart contract virtual machine, and on-chain carbon credit tracking. The network achieves 5-second block times with energy-efficient validation while funding environmental projects through transaction fees. Verdis is Ethereum-compatible (Chain ID 909) with full JSON-RPC support for Trust Wallet and MetaMask integration.

Verdis uses Delegated Proof of Stake inspired by Tron's Super Representative model. Token holders vote for validators by staking VRS. The top 5 validators (configurable up to 27) are active block producers, rotating every block for fairness. Block rewards (1 VRS per block) are split: 80% to the producing validator, 20% distributed to voters proportional to stake. Validators using renewable energy receive bonus rewards via the Green Validator scoring system.

All transactions are signed using secp256k1 elliptic curve cryptography via @noble/secp256k1. Transaction integrity is verified with SHA-256 hashing (@noble/hashes). EVM-compatible addresses are derived using Keccak256, enabling full Trust Wallet and MetaMask compatibility. Replay protection is enforced via nonce tracking per address.

The native AMM DEX uses the constant product formula (x * y = k) with a 0.3% swap fee. Liquidity providers earn fees proportional to their pool share. LP tokens are minted when liquidity is added and burned when removed. VRS has a maximum supply of 50,000,000,000 (50 billion) tokens. Transaction fees fund environmental projects through the Carbon Offset Pool.

Verdis is the first carbon-negative blockchain. Every transaction contributes to environmental funding. The system tracks: (1) Carbon Credits — minted by verified environmental projects, each representing 1 ton CO₂ offset; (2) Reforestation Projects — tracked from planting to verification; (3) Green Validator Scores — validators earn higher scores for using solar/wind/hydro energy. Carbon credit NFTs provide verifiable proof of environmental impact.

Verdis includes a stack-based virtual machine supporting opcodes: PUSH, POP, ADD, SUB, MUL, DIV, DUP, SWAP, STOP, and more. Contracts are deployed with bytecode and executed with input parameters. Contract state is persisted to disk and survives restarts.

13 security mechanisms protect the network: secp256k1 signatures, SHA-256+Keccak256 hashing, tamper detection, double-spend prevention, chain validation, rate limiting (30/min standard, 5/min strict), nonce replay protection, admin API key auth, validator slashing for malicious behavior, input validation, mempool caps (1000), max transaction (1B VRS), and max block size (500 txs).

On-chain governance allows VRS holders to propose and vote on protocol changes. Proposals remain active for 3 days. Voting power is proportional to VRS balance. Proposals can be: improvement, parameter change, protocol upgrade, or eco initiative.

The Verdis ↔ BSC bridge allows VRS to be locked on Verdis and minted as wVRS (Wrapped Verdis) on Binance Smart Chain. wVRS can be traded on PancakeSwap and other BSC DEXs. The bridge supports bidirectional transfers: lock VRS → mint wVRS, or burn wVRS → unlock VRS.

Verdis supports eco-themed NFTs including carbon credit certificates, reforestation milestones, and renewable energy achievements. Each NFT can carry a carbon value (tons CO₂) providing verifiable environmental impact. NFTs are transferable between addresses.